The authors studied 104 patients who had undergone esophageal reconstruction from 1961 to 1982 because of severe esophageal stricture resulted from acute corrosive esophagitis, and our experience is summarized here. For prevention of esophageal stricture or decreasing its severity, thorough and active conservative treatment should be begun in the early stage and be continued for sufficient period in acute corrosive esophagitis. Serious complications must be detected early and adequate treatment must be done promptly. Strong acid agents can give as deep and thick damage to the esophagus and other gastrointestinal tract as strong alkali agents can. Some evidences of comparative histopathological study suggest that, in severe or full thickness esophageal caustic burn, fibrosis with scar formation progress for several years to esophageal stricture, and the progress may be activated by the injury due to repeated esophageal dilatation. It is, however, preferable to try esophageal dilatation several times if possible before making a decision to perform esophageal reconstruction. Esophageal reconstruction may be indicated in the following conditions ; 1) Complete esophageal obstruction with marked difficulty or inability in dilatation. 2) Recurrent stricture in spite of repeated dilatation. 3) Extensive or diffuse stricture. 4) Multiple strictures with marked irregularity of the esophageal lumen. 5) Esophageal perforation. 6) Fistula between the esophagus and the trachea. 7) When esophageal cancer is suspected or confirmed.