Endotracheal intubation is a common technique for general anesthesia or patency of air way. However several post-traumatic complications such as laryngeal edema, ulceration and granuloma may develop following intubation. From May 1987 to December 1994, the authors had experienced 35 cases of intubation granuloma in our department especially more frequently in women who has received Caesarean section, so it can be presumed cautiously that the female sex hormones possibly correlate with its pathogenesis. The authors studies the relationship of sex hormone to the pathogenesis of intubation gramuloma by immunohistochemical method for 30 cases which were diagnosed as intubation gramuloma. The results were as follows : 1) Age distribution showed mostly in 20 to 40 years old group. The sex ratio of male to female was 3 : 32, predominantly in female. 2) The motype of operation was Caesarean section (22 cases). 3) The side of lesions were bilateral in 8 cases, throat discomfort in 10 cases and mild dyspnea in 5 cases. 4) The side if lesions were bilateral in 8 cases and unilateral in 27 cases (right in 17 cases, left 10 cases). 5) Immunohisochemical study unsing the monoclonal antibodies to estrogen and progesterone receptor were all negatives.