Capsaicin, a pungent ingredient in a large variety of red peppers, is known to activate a population of unmyelinated C-fiber afferents. In rats, acute exposure to capsaicin stimulates nasal secretion, and the desensitization of C-fiber by repeated pretreatment with capsaicin reduces the symptom of rhinitis. The submucosal gland was innervated by capsaicin sensitive nerve fibers and cholinergic nerve fibers, but there are few reports about innervation of the goblet cell. There have been many discussions on the nasal secretory effect of capsaicin induced by local axon reflex and parasympathetic reflex mediated pathway. In this study, we investigated the effects of capsaicin sensitive nerve on the secretion of submucosal glands and goblet cells, the major portion of nasal secretion and the involvement of cholinergic pathway and local axon reflex. We counted the number of stained submucous glandular cells and goblet cells(whole mount method) in rat nasal septum(AB-PAS stain, pH 2.6) after the pharmacologic stimulation. And we studied the chronic pretreatment effect of capsaicin to determine whether submucosal gland and goblet cell secretion would be decreased in a subsequent challenge with capsaicin. The density of submucosal glands and goblet cells in ipratropium pretreated group was increased more than that in the capsaicin stimulating group, but decreased less than that in normal groups. In the capsaicin stimulation of 10% lidocaine treated group and capsaicin pretreated groups, the densities were increased more than that in capsaicin stimulation of control groups. These results suggest that the effects of capsaicin sensitive nerves on glandular secretion is mediated by parasympathetic reflex, and that the mechanism in the goblet cell secretion is similar to that of submucosal glands. But, the secretion of goblet cells to nonspecific stimulation could not be excluded in this study.